| 寄生蜂成虫在寄主搜索过程中的学习行为 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘树生,江丽辉,李月红.寄生蜂成虫在寄主搜索过程中的学习行为[J].昆虫学报,2003,46(2):228-236. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘树生 江丽辉 李月红 |
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| 作者单位： | 浙江大学应用昆虫学研究所,杭州,310029 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金重点资助项目 ( 39930 12 0 )。 |
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| 摘 要： | 综述了寄生蜂寄主搜索过程中的学习行为的概念、过程、适应性意义及影响因子。学习是寄生蜂的一种普遍特征，但学习基本上只发生在成虫期，其中联系性学习是一个主要特征。学习可产生启动和嗜好性学习二种效应，在寄生蜂搜索寄主的各个步骤中发挥重要作用，使其在复杂多变的生存环境中可高效地识别和利用各种有用信息，提高搜索效率。学习的潜力及效应可依寄生蜂和寄主的食性专化程度、寄主的发育阶段、寄生蜂自身的生理状态及环境中刺激的性质等因子而变化。对寄生蜂学习行为的了解有助于发展对其行为调控的技术，提高寄生蜂对害虫控制的效能。
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| 关 键 词： | 寄生蜂 寄主搜索 学习 |
| 文章编号： | 0454-6296(2003)02-0228-09 |
| 修稿时间： | 2002年9月9日 |
Learning in adult hymenopterous parasitoids during the process of host-foraging |
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| LIU Shu-Sheng,JIANG Li-Hui,LI Yue-Hong.Learning in adult hymenopterous parasitoids during the process of host-foraging[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,2003,46(2):228-236. |
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| Authors: | LIU Shu-Sheng JIANG Li-Hui LI Yue-Hong |
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| Abstract: | The present paper reviews the concepts, processes, adaptive value and relevant influencing factors of learning by hymenopterous parasitoids in the pro cess of host foraging. Learning is a general feature in parasitoids that usually occurs in the adult stage of these insects. Learning is often characterized by associative learning. Two effects can result from learning: priming and preferen ce learning, which play a significant role in all steps of host foraging, enabli ng these parasitoids to effectively recognize and utilize profitable cues in a c omplex and dynamic environment and thus increase their foraging efficiency. The potential and effects of learning vary with the degree of dietary specialization of the parasitoids and their hosts, the host stages attacked physiological stat us of the parasitoids and the features of the stimuli in the environment. Unders tanding learning by parasitoids can help the development of techniques for manip ulating parasitoid behavior, and thereby increase the efficacy of parasitoids as biological control agents in insect pest management. |
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| Keywords: | hymenopterous parasitoids host foraging learning |
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