Specific and Independent Recognition of U3 and U5 att Sites by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Integrase In Vivo |
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| Authors: | Takao Masuda Marcelo J. Kuroda Shinji Harada |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Biodefense and Medical Virology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto,1. and Department of Immunotherapeutics, Medical Research Division, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo,2. Japan |
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| Abstract: | The retroviral attachment (att) sites at viral DNA ends are cis-acting regions essential for proviral integration. To investigate the sequence features of att important for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integration in vivo, we generated a series of 25 att mutants of HIV-1 by mutagenesis of the U3, U5, or both boundaries of att. Our results indicated that the terminal 11 or 12 bp of viral DNA are sufficient for specific recognition by HIV-1 integrase (IN) and suggested that IN might recognize each att site independently in vivo. |
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