Interaction of Poliovirus with Its Receptor Affords a High Level of Infectivity to the Virion in Poliovirus Infections Mediated by the Fc Receptor |
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| Authors: | Minetaro Arita Hitoshi Horie Mineo Arita and Akio Nomoto |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Microbiology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639,1. Japan Poliomyelitis Research Institute, Higashimurayama, Tokyo 189-0003,2. and Department of Viral Disease and Vaccine Control, National Institute of Health, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011,3. Japan |
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| Abstract: | Poliovirus infects susceptible cells through the poliovirus receptor (PVR), which functions to bind virus and to change its conformation. These two activities are thought to be necessary for efficient poliovirus infection. How binding and conformation conversion activities contribute to the establishment of poliovirus infection was investigated. Mouse L cells expressing mouse high-affinity Fcγ receptor molecules were established and used to study poliovirus infection mediated by mouse antipoliovirus monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) (immunoglobulin G2a [IgG2a] subtypes) or PVR-IgG2a, a chimeric molecule consisting of the extracellular moiety of PVR and the hinge and Fc portion of mouse IgG2a. The antibodies and PVR-IgG2a showed the same degree of affinity for poliovirus, but the infectivities mediated by these molecules were different. Among the molecules tested, PVR-IgG2a mediated the infection most efficiently, showing 50- to 100-fold-higher efficiency than that attained with the different MAbs. A conformational change of poliovirus was induced only by PVR-IgG2a. These results strongly suggested that some specific interaction(s) between poliovirus and the PVR is required for high-level infectivity of poliovirus in this system. |
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