《环境昆虫学报》

观察研究了温度和寄主水果对桔小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel)成虫主要生物学参数的影响。结果如下：(1)寄主植物对桔小实蝇成虫的产卵前期影响无明显差异,而温度明显影响产卵前期。随温度增高,产卵前期逐渐缩短。取食杨桃的桔小实蝇雌虫在15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃下的产卵前期分别是41.1、29.1、13.8、12.9、15.6 d；(2)温度对桔小实蝇雄虫性成熟时间有明显影响。在温度15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃下,桔小实蝇雄成虫的性成熟时间为21.4、15.7、12.8、1 1.5和10.8 d；(3)不同温度和寄主水果条件下成虫寿命也不同，从较低温时的140－190 d缩短到高温时的34－37 d；（4）不同的寄主植物对桔小实蝇成虫的产卵量影响较大，一般取食芒果和番石榴的雌虫产卵量显著高于其他几种水果。在25℃温度下,取食芒果、番石榴、香蕉、枇杷、青枣、杨桃、柑桔的桔小实蝇雌虫的产卵量分别是1634.3、1520.6、1309.1、1019.8、983.3、966.3和912.9粒/雌；(5)雌成虫性成熟并交配后开始产卵,2-3 d进入产卵盛期。分别建立了以柑桔和番石榴为食的幼虫发育成的桔小实蝇成虫日产卵量(粒)随羽化时间(d)变化的模型为:Y(fecundity)=-3.524+0.707T-0.00679T2和Y(fecundity)=-20.104+1.9827-0.0203T2；(6)推迟供给寄主明显影响桔小实蝇雌成虫的产卵量,推迟0、5、10、15、20、25 d供给寄主,取食杨桃的桔小实蝇雌虫在25℃下的平均产卵量分别为968.5、736.6、710.5、658.3、644.1和576.3粒/雌。

英文摘要:

Temperature exhibited a large effect on the development and reproduction of oriental fruit fly adlut.The pre-ovipositon period and period of male from emergence to mature of oriental fruit fly shortened as the increase of temperature gradually.Mathematic models described the relationship between development velocities and temperatures were set up on seven species of fruits for pre-oviposition period, mature period, longevity, and fecundity of oriental fruit fly.  Temperature could obviously affect the period of female pre-oviposition but plant hosts had no influence on it.The period of female pre oviposition shortened with temperatures and were 41.1, 29.1, 13.8, 12.9 and 15.6 days at temperatures of 15,20,25,30 and 35℃,respectively when fed on guava.The peviods for fully mature of male adult were 21.4,15.7,12.8,11.5 and 10.8 days respectively at above five temperatures.The longevity of adults varied obviously with the temperature, and were from 140-190 days at 15℃ to 34-37 days at 35℃. Host plants had a larger effect on the fecundity The fecundities of oriental fruit fly fed on mango, guava, banana (Musa nana Lour), loquat (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb) Lindl), common carambola (Averrhoa carambolaL.), Chinese date (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam) and orange (Citrus sinensis L.) were 1634.3, 1520.6, 1309.1, 1019.8, 983.3, 966.3 and 912.9 eggs,respectively at temperature of 25℃.  The female adult began to lay eggs after fully matured and the oviposition peak was 2-3 days after emergence.Relationship between the daily fecundity and the time after emergence of oriental fruit fly reared on orange, and guava were regressed as model Y (fecundity)=-3.524+0.707T-0.00679T.2and model Y (fecundity)=-20.104+1.9827T-0.0203T2. These two equations exhibited a bias distribution The postponement of host supply could significantly decrease the fecundity of oriental fruit fly The fecundities per female fed on guava under 25℃ were 968.5, 736.6, 710.5, 658.3, 644.1 and 576.3, respectively if the adult was provided with hosts at 0,5,10,15,20 and 25 days after emergence.  

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