The experiments were conducted in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, Guangdong Province, in monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest community with species of Castanopsis chinensis, Schima superba and Cryptocarya concinna in & plots with 5m×5m each. In four of the & plots the shrub and herb layers were removed, and in the other four these layers were retained as control. Another 4 plots with 2m ×5m each were used in the experiment for investigation of the effect of cleaning litter. Measurements were made in September and December every year during 1994 to 1998 to investigate the speoes number，the number of individuals，and the height of all newly appeared seedlings The results showed that the seedling establishment increased in plots removing shru b and herb layer or cleaning the litter， but the species richness of seed lings did not increase． High mortality of seed lings appeared in dry season and in plots with high light intensity Precipitaiton is a key factor affecting the establishment of seed lings．Moist soil condition could promote seed germination and seedling establishment．