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中国普通小麦初选核心种质的产生
引用本文:董玉琛,曹永生,张学勇,刘三才,王兰芬,游光霞,庞斌双,李立会,贾继增.中国普通小麦初选核心种质的产生[J].植物遗传资源学报,2003,4(1):1-8.
作者姓名:董玉琛  曹永生  张学勇  刘三才  王兰芬  游光霞  庞斌双  李立会  贾继增
作者单位:中国农业科学院作物品种资源研究所,农业部作物种质资源与生物技术重点开放实验室,北京,100081
基金项目:国家重点基础研究项目(G1998010202)
摘    要:对中国普通小麦种质资源构建了初选核心种质。地方品种和选育品种分别构建。按栽培区(地理生态区)分组。地方品种按亚区分为28组,选育品种按大区分为10组。各组内在21个表型性状聚类的基础上,按平方根法取样,并依遗传多样性指数与遗传丰富度加以调整。提出在生产上或育种中起过重要作用的品种为必选材料。初步选定的材料经种植核对,淘汰错杂后,产生初选核心种质。地方品种全部供试材料11694份,初选核心种质3283份,取样比例为28.18%。选育品种全部11441份,初选核心种质1684份,取样比例为14.9%。计划经分子标记分析,最后核心种质的比例占全部种质的10%左右。根据全部材料21个性状遗传多样性指数测验,初选核心种质,除芒和壳两性状外,与全部种质的遗传差异均未达到显水平。讨论了初选核心种质的构建方法。指出陕南部西山地和汾渭谷地是中国小麦地方品种遗传变异多样性的富集地。育成品种多样性程度以西南冬麦区和黄淮冬麦区为最高。

关 键 词:普通小麦  遗传多样性  核心种质  种质资源  选育
修稿时间:2003年2月10日

Establishment of Candidate Core Collections in Chinese Common Wheat Germplasm
DONG Yu-shen,CAO Yong-sheng,ZHANG Xue-yong,LIU San-cai,WANG Lan-fen,YOU Guang-xi,PANG Bin-shuang,LI Li-hui,JIA Ji-zeng.Establishment of Candidate Core Collections in Chinese Common Wheat Germplasm[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2003,4(1):1-8.
Authors:DONG Yu-shen  CAO Yong-sheng  ZHANG Xue-yong  LIU San-cai  WANG Lan-fen  YOU Guang-xi  PANG Bin-shuang  LI Li-hui  JIA Ji-zeng
Abstract:Candidate core collections of common wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. ) were established based on the geographical regions, ecotypes, 21 agronomic and botanic characters of basic collections (entire). The modern varieties were divided into 10 regions, the landrace into 28 sub-regions. In each region or sub-regions, numbers of entries were decided based on the square root of the basic collections with minor adjustment according to the genetic diversity and genetic richness indexes. Varieties or lines having made great contribution in the national wheat breeding and production are priority entries in sampling. The candidate core collections were established after all entries were re-planted and checked in the field. In the candidate core collections, there are 3283 landraces, and 1684 modern varieties, which takes 28.18% and 14.9% of the basic collections respectively. We are going to concentrate the candidate core collections to 10% of the basic collection by molecular markers. They will be the core collections of Chinese wheat germplasm. Statistics showed that there was no significant difference on variation between the candidate core collection and the basic collections except the awn and glumes. The corner mountainous region between the Southern Shaanxi and the Western Hubai, valley along Fenghe and Wei-he are the genetic diversity center of Chinese wheat landrace. In the modern varieties, Southwestern winter wheat region and Huang-huai winter wheat region have the highest genetic diversity.
Keywords:Triticum aestivum  Genetic diversity  Core collection  
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