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不同耕作方式下黑土的渗透特性和优先流特征

李文凤1,2;张晓平1;梁爱珍1,2;申艳1,2;时秀焕1,2;罗金明1,2;杨学明3   

  1. 1中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 长春 130012;2中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049;3加拿大农业与农业食品部温室与加工作物研究中心, 安大略 N0R 1G0
  • 收稿日期:2007-11-27 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-07-20 发布日期:2008-07-20

Characters of infiltration and preferential flow of black soil in Northeast China under different tillage patterns.

LI Wen-feng1,2;ZHANG Xiao-ping1;LIANG Ai-zhen1,2;SHEN Yan1,2;SHI Xiu-huan1,2;LUO Jin-ming1,2;YANG Xue-ming3   

  1. 1Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of
    Sciences, Changchun 130012, China;2Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3Greenhouse & Processing Crops Research Centre, Ontario N0R 1G0, Canada
  • Received:2007-11-27 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-07-20 Published:2008-07-20

摘要: 用染料示踪法和双环法相结合,对连续6年的免耕与秋翻中层黑土进行水分入渗与优先流对比研究.结果表明:在整个入渗过程中,免耕土壤的渗透率都大于秋翻土壤,达到稳渗时,免耕土壤的稳渗率是秋翻土壤的1.35倍,累积渗透量是秋翻土壤的1.44倍.从亚甲基蓝溶液的渗透深度来看,免耕土壤的渗透深度(43 cm)明显大于秋翻土壤(27 cm).与秋翻土壤相比,免耕土壤具有更好的孔隙发育和更多的生物孔隙,具有良好的优先流特征,这对水分入渗和水土保持有重要作用.

关键词: 黄瓜, 土壤紧实胁迫, 根系生长, 根系活力, 氮代谢

Abstract: By using dye tracer and double-ring infiltrometer techniques, the characters of infiltration and preferential flow of black soil under no-tillage (NT) and fall moldboard plow (MP) were compared after six years continuous management. The results showed that the infiltration rate was higher under NT than under MP. When the infiltration reached steady, the infiltration rate and accumulative infiltration capacity under NT were 1.35 and 1.44 times as high as those under MP, respectively. The penetration depth of methylene blue reached a depth of 43 cm in NT soil, being 16 cm deeper than that in MP soil. Comparing with MP soil, NT soil had better development of pore structure and more biological pores, and presented better preferential flow character, which were of importance for water infiltration and soil and water conservation.

Key words: cucumber, soil compaction stress, root growth, root activity, nitrogen metabolism.