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微根管在细根研究中的应用

史建伟1;于水强1;于立忠1;韩有志1,2;王政权1;郭大立3   

  1. 1东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨 150040;2山西农业大学林学院,太谷 030801;3北京大学环境学院,北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2005-03-21 修回日期:2005-07-11 出版日期:2006-04-18 发布日期:2006-04-18

Application of minirhizotron in fine root studies

SHI Jianwei1;YU Shuiqiang1;YU Lizhong1;HAN Youzhi1,2;WANG Zhengquan1;GUO Dali3   

  1. 1College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;2College of Forestry,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;3College of Environmental Science,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China
  • Received:2005-03-21 Revised:2005-07-11 Online:2006-04-18 Published:2006-04-18

摘要: 细根(直径≤2 mm)的周转在植物生态系统碳分配过程中具有重要意义.已往细根周转研究主要采用根钻法、分室模型法和内生长法等.这些方法由于不能直接观测到细根生长动态,导致细根周转估计不准确.微根管法是一种非破坏性野外观察细根动态的方法.本文从微根管的发展、功能、安装步骤、图像采集、参数计算、影响观测因素和存在问题等方面逐一进行介绍,并通过水曲柳和落叶松微根管细根观测实例介绍在细根周转过程研究中的应用. 结果表明,微根管可以比较精确地估计出细根长度、单位面积上根长密度、单位体积上根长密度、细根生长量、细根死亡量和细根周转等.微根管是一个观察细根生长、衰老、死亡和分解过程的有效工具.微根管观测精度主要取决于微根管安装的质量和数量、微根管取样间隔期和取样数量、微根管图像分析技术等.此外,土壤质地、石砾多少、微根管材料选择、减少光系统对根系的干扰等也是影响微根管测定精度的因素.如何提高微根管测定精度将成为今后微根管在细根研究中的主要问题.

关键词: 生物标志物, 胆碱酶酶(ChE), 谷胱甘肽转硫酶(GST), 钩虾

Abstract: Due to the production,death,and decomposition of fine root,its turnover plays an important role in carbon allocation and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems.Some methods such as sequential root coring,compartmental flow model,and ingrowth core have been widely used in collecting root biomass data and estimating fine root turnover,but failed in monitoring the dynamics of fine root due to its simultaneous production and death.Minirhizotron is a nondestructive in situ method for studying the dynamics of fine root,which allows the simultaneous measurement of fine root growth and mortality.This paper reviewed the application of minirhizotron in fine root studies,with the focus on minirhizotron tube installation,image collection,data extraction,and calculation parameters.In a case study,the total fine root length,fine root length density per unit volume,fine root length density per unit area,fine root biomass density,and fine root production and mortality of Fraxinus mandshurica and Larix gmelini were calculated,and the results showed that minirhizotron method was feasible in studying the processes of fine root development,eclipse,death,and decomposition.The factors affecting fine root measurement and its precision mainly included the quality and quantity of tube installation,sampling interval and quantity,and analysis technique of images,etc.Soil texture,tube material,and disturbance of light on root were also the factors affecting the precision of the method.How to improve the measurement precision of minirhizotron would be the critical problem in future study.

Key words: Biomarkers, ChE, GST, Gammarus pulex L