Due to their small size and facile modification, nanomaterials often show special physical, chemical and biological properties. Nanozymes are nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities. Since the “from 0 to 1” discovery of the intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of ferromagnetic nanoparticles[1], functional nanomaterials with intrinsic enzyme-like properties have attracted enormous interests, and nanozymology has become an emerging field bridging nanotechnology and biology. More than 300 nanomaterials with enzymatic activity (nanozymes) were reported from 300 laboratories across 29 countries, and the application of nanozymes has been extended to medicine, agriculture, environment and pharmaceutics[5]. In this special issue, the progression of Metal-Organic Framework nanozymes was summarized, the application of Fe-based nanozyme in the detection of circulating tumor cells was introduced, and tunneling nanotubes, a novel type of signal transmission structure in neuronal cells, was reported. I hope this special issue will be helpful for readers from multidiscipline fields.